GRATA International
Rankings
Leading firm in Global 2026
Ranked Departments:
Ranked Individuals:
Contributions and articles
Provided by GRATA International
- Global Practice Guides
- Articles, Press releases, highlights
Overview
Provided by GRATA International
Firm Details
>26 countries of presence
>33 years of experience
>230 professionals
>18 practice areas
15 060 + clients
40 990 + projects
Firm Overview
GRATA International is a dynamically developing international law firm providing services for projects across 24 countries worldwide: full coverage of the entire region with network of offices, highly qualified team of professionals suited for cross-border projects. Firm's reputation and expertise are confirmed by testimonials from transnational clients and leading international ratings.
A wide network of office operating under one system and platform delivers great convenience for our clients. Any office can act as a "one-stop-shop" for its clients and provide them with access to services in other cities and countries. If necessary, inter-office teams with relevant experience are assembled to provide solutions to complex tasks. Service quality is assured by a clear system of organisation of this process.
Main Areas of Practice
Clients have access to quality legal services in 8 industries and 18 practice areas.
Industry Sectors:
■ Banking & Finance
■ Construction & Infrastructure
■ Industry & Trade
■ Oil & Gas
■ Pharmaceuticals & Healthcare
■ Mining
■ Technology, Media & Telecommunications
■ Transport
Practice Areas:
■ Antitrust and Competition
■ Сommercial Contracts
■ Corporate and M&A
■ Data Protection & Privacy
■ Dispute Resolution
■ Employment
■ Environment
■ Finance and Securities
■ Intellectual Property
■ International Trade, Customs & WTO
■ Licences and Permits
■ Project Finance & Public-Private Partnership (PPP)
■ Real Estate
■ Restructuring & Insolvency
■ Subsoil Use
■ Tax
■ Islamic Finance
■ The Acting Law of the AIFC
Ranked Offices
Provided by GRATA International
Armenia
Yerevan County
15 Buzand Street, Office 401, Yerevan, Yerevan County, Armenia, 0010, Yerevan
Azerbaijan
Baku
133, Bashir Safaroglu str., SAT Plaza, 13th floor, Baku, Baku, Azerbaijan, AZ1009, Baku
Georgia
Tbilisi
10, Petriashvili str, Tbilisi, Tbilisi, Georgia, 380079, Tbilisi
Kazakhstan
Almaty
Esentai Tower Al-Farabi Avenue 77, Almaty, Almaty, Kazakhstan, 050060, Almaty
Kyrgyz Republic
Bishkek
33/1 Razzakova Str., Office 2, Bishkek, Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic, 720040, Bishkek
Mongolia
Ulaanbaatar
15a5 Sukhbaatar district-1r district-1r khoroo, Ulaanbaatar, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia, 14210, Ulaanbaatar
Tajikistan
Dushanbe
24a Ayni Str., Business Center, Office 303, 3rd floor, Dushanbe, Dushanbe, Tajikistan, 734012, Dushanbe
Uzbekistan
Tashkent Province
51-А, Sadyk Azimov street Mirzo-Ulugbek district, Tashkent, Tashkent Province, Uzbekistan, 100000, Tashkent
Ranked Departments
Ranked Individuals
Contributions
Latest contributions provided by GRATA International
All contributions provided by GRATA International
Articles, highlights and press releases
354 items provided by GRATA International
Kazakhstan – A Pioneer in Artificial Intelligence Regulation: Balancing Fintech Development and...
Kazakhstan – A Pioneer in Artificial Intelligence Regulation: Balancing Fintech Development and Consumer Rights Protection
Green Light for Green Energy: The Legal Landscape for Renewable Energy Projects in Central Asia...
Green Light for Green Energy: The Legal Landscape for Renewable Energy Projects in Central Asia, the Caspian Region and Mongolia
Rights to Service-Related Works and Inventions
GRATA International presents a comparative overview of rights to service-related works and inventions across multiple jurisdictions, including Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, India, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia, Russia, Türkiye and Uzbekistan.
Cartels and Bid Rigging: Detection, Evidence and Liability
GRATA International presents a comparative overview of cartels and bid rigging regulation across multiple jurisdictions, including Azerbaijan, Belarus, India, Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia, Russia, Türkiye and Uzbekistan.
Implementation of the Interim Trade Agreement Between Mongolia and the Eurasian Economic Union...
Implementation of the Interim Trade Agreement Between Mongolia and the Eurasian Economic Union and Its Member States
Specifics of Taxation of Electronic Services
GRATA International presents a comparative overview of the taxation of electronic services across multiple jurisdictions, including Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, India, Kyrgyzstan, Malaysia, Moldova, Mongolia, the Philippines, Russia, Türkiye and Turkmenistan.
What are the specific features of registering real estate rights?
GRATA International presents a comparative overview of the registration of real estate rights across multiple jurisdictions, including Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, India, Mongolia, the Philippines, Russia, Türkiye, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan.
Legislative developments (India)
The Hon’ble President of India has given assent towards the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code (Amendment) Act, 2016 with the objective of improving the insolvency framework and maintaining the interests of the parties involved which include creditors, corporate debtors and various stakeholders.
100% FDI in Insurance Notified: The Second Piece of FEMA's May 2026 Puzzle
Hot on the heels of the First Amendment of 2026, which tightened the beneficial ownership architecture for investments from land-bordering countries; the Ministry of Finance has notified a Second Amendment to the FEMA (Non-debt Instruments) Rules, 2019 on 2 May 2026 (“FEMA NDI Rules”).
Legal aspects of digital entertainment: VoD, UGC and Catch-up TV
In the digital era, the way audiences engage with visual productions has undergone radical change, and an interactive approach to making them accessible to the public is taking centre stage.
Procedural Law as a Strategic Tool in Cross-Border Disputes
In international commercial disputes, success often depends not only on the substantive law governing the parties' rights and obligations, but also on the correct application of procedural rules. Procedural law is frequently perceived as a technical aspect of litigation or arbitration.
Building the Right Team: Key Professionals for Launching an Investment Project in Türkiye
Launching an investment project in Türkiye requires more than financial resources. Successful market entry depends on careful planning, local expertise, and a clear understanding of the country's legal and regulatory framework.
Turkey's Investment Climate in 2025: Key Trends, Opportunities, and Challenges
Turkey continues to position itself as one of the most attractive investment destinations at the crossroads of Europe, Asia, and the Middle East.
GEPOSB as a Global Industrial Hub: Why Is It Attractive for Foreign Investors?
GEPOSB (Gebze Plastics Organized Industrial Zone) is one of Turkey’s leading industrial clusters and a prominent example of the country’s modern organized industrial zone model.
Criminal Law Risks in Commercial Transactions in Türkiye
Criminal Law Risks in Commercial Transactions in Türkiye: What Business Owners and Foreign Investors Should Know
Procedural Law as a Strategic Instrument in Transnational Disputes
In contemporary international commercial practice, legal disputes increasingly extend beyond the boundaries of substantive law. In such cases, the precise application of procedural rules becomes a decisive factor in ensuring a fair outcome and effective protection of the parties’ interests.
Digital Compliance 2026: Conflicts Among the Digital Code, Artificial Intelligence, and Personal...
Digital Compliance 2026: Conflicts Among the Digital Code, Artificial Intelligence, and Personal Data Laws in Kazakhstan
Taxation Practice of Cloud Services
This article is dedicated to recent practice of the Kazakh tax authorities regarding the taxation of cloud services.
Review of the draft law «On amendments and additions to the Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan...
Review of the draft law «On amendments and additions to the Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan “On Customs Regulation in the Republic of Kazakhstan”». Regulation of e-commerce.
Review of judicial practice: Protection of exporters’ rights in VAT refund (excess VAT)
This overview has been prepared based on the practical experience of our team, which directly represented the taxpayer’s interests in a prolonged dispute with the territorial tax authority.
Direct Investment in Kyrgyzstan: New Rules of the Game and Hidden Barriers to Project Finance
In the race to attract large-scale capital, emerging markets are constantly seeking to strike a balance between encouraging investment and safeguarding national interests.
Evolution of the Anti-Corruption Legislation of the Kyrgyz Republic
Evolution of the Anti-Corruption Legislation of the Kyrgyz Republic: An Analysis of the Innovations and Legal Conflicts of the 2026 Law
Legal Alert: On Minerals Legal Environment Reform and Policy Framework
The Minerals law entered into force on 8 July 2006, comprising 11 chapters and 66 articles, for the purpose of regulating relations with respect to prospecting, exploration, and mining of minerals, and protection of exploration fields and mining areas in use in the territory of Mongolia.
Legal Alert: Public-Private Partnership Legal Environment Reform and Policy Framework
The Law on Public-Private Partnership (PPP Law) entered into force on 31 December 2023, comprising 9 chapters and 60 articles, for the purpose of implementing PPP projects in the field of public infrastructure and public services, supporting private sector participation and investment, ensuring...
Regulations on the Income Taxation of a Permanent Establishment of a Foreign Company
The regulation governing the taxation of the income of a Permanent Establishment (“PE”) of a foreign legal entity in Mongolia is based on the Law on Corporate Income Taxation of Mongolia (“CIT Law”) and the Double Taxation Treaties concluded between Mongolia and foreign countries.
Legal Support for Foreign Investors: Criminal, Investment, and Property Issues
With the ongoing transformation of the legal and economic environment in the Russian Federation, foreign investors and individuals are facing a range of new regulatory and law enforcement challenges.
Amendments to law No. 57-FZ on foreign investments in business entities of strategic importance
On 8 March 2026, the President of the Russian Federation signed the Federal Law No. 51-FZ (the "Law No. 51-FZ"), which amended the Federal Law No. 57-FZ "On the Procedure for Foreign Investments in Business Entities of Strategic Importance for National Defence and State Security" dated...
Federal law establishes the legal status of the Russian Red Cross
On 15 December 2025, the President of the Russian Federation signed the Federal Law No. 457-FZ "On the All-Russian Public Organization "Russian Red Cross" (the "Law"). The Law came into force on 1 February 2026.
Overview of the New Law of Uzbekistan “On Limited Liability Companies”
On April 21, 2026, the new Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan No. LRU-1137 “On Limited Liability Companies” (the “New LLC Law”) was adopted and will enter into force on July 22, 2026. As of the same date, the previous Law No. 310-II dated December 6, 2001, will cease to be effective.
Establishment of the Tashkent International Financial Center in Uzbekistan
In order to enhance the investment attractiveness of the Republic of Uzbekistan and ensure the integration into the global financial system, pursuant to the Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan “On the Establishment of the Tashkent International Financial Center” No.UP-48 dated...
Kazakhstan – A Pioneer in Artificial Intelligence Regulation: Balancing Fintech Development and...
Kazakhstan – A Pioneer in Artificial Intelligence Regulation: Balancing Fintech Development and Consumer Rights Protection
Green Light for Green Energy: The Legal Landscape for Renewable Energy Projects in Central Asia...
Green Light for Green Energy: The Legal Landscape for Renewable Energy Projects in Central Asia, the Caspian Region and Mongolia
Rights to Service-Related Works and Inventions
GRATA International presents a comparative overview of rights to service-related works and inventions across multiple jurisdictions, including Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, India, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia, Russia, Türkiye and Uzbekistan.
Cartels and Bid Rigging: Detection, Evidence and Liability
GRATA International presents a comparative overview of cartels and bid rigging regulation across multiple jurisdictions, including Azerbaijan, Belarus, India, Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia, Russia, Türkiye and Uzbekistan.
Implementation of the Interim Trade Agreement Between Mongolia and the Eurasian Economic Union...
Implementation of the Interim Trade Agreement Between Mongolia and the Eurasian Economic Union and Its Member States
Specifics of Taxation of Electronic Services
GRATA International presents a comparative overview of the taxation of electronic services across multiple jurisdictions, including Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, India, Kyrgyzstan, Malaysia, Moldova, Mongolia, the Philippines, Russia, Türkiye and Turkmenistan.
What are the specific features of registering real estate rights?
GRATA International presents a comparative overview of the registration of real estate rights across multiple jurisdictions, including Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, India, Mongolia, the Philippines, Russia, Türkiye, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan.
Legislative developments (India)
The Hon’ble President of India has given assent towards the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code (Amendment) Act, 2016 with the objective of improving the insolvency framework and maintaining the interests of the parties involved which include creditors, corporate debtors and various stakeholders.
100% FDI in Insurance Notified: The Second Piece of FEMA's May 2026 Puzzle
Hot on the heels of the First Amendment of 2026, which tightened the beneficial ownership architecture for investments from land-bordering countries; the Ministry of Finance has notified a Second Amendment to the FEMA (Non-debt Instruments) Rules, 2019 on 2 May 2026 (“FEMA NDI Rules”).
Legal aspects of digital entertainment: VoD, UGC and Catch-up TV
In the digital era, the way audiences engage with visual productions has undergone radical change, and an interactive approach to making them accessible to the public is taking centre stage.
Procedural Law as a Strategic Tool in Cross-Border Disputes
In international commercial disputes, success often depends not only on the substantive law governing the parties' rights and obligations, but also on the correct application of procedural rules. Procedural law is frequently perceived as a technical aspect of litigation or arbitration.
Building the Right Team: Key Professionals for Launching an Investment Project in Türkiye
Launching an investment project in Türkiye requires more than financial resources. Successful market entry depends on careful planning, local expertise, and a clear understanding of the country's legal and regulatory framework.
Turkey's Investment Climate in 2025: Key Trends, Opportunities, and Challenges
Turkey continues to position itself as one of the most attractive investment destinations at the crossroads of Europe, Asia, and the Middle East.
GEPOSB as a Global Industrial Hub: Why Is It Attractive for Foreign Investors?
GEPOSB (Gebze Plastics Organized Industrial Zone) is one of Turkey’s leading industrial clusters and a prominent example of the country’s modern organized industrial zone model.
Criminal Law Risks in Commercial Transactions in Türkiye
Criminal Law Risks in Commercial Transactions in Türkiye: What Business Owners and Foreign Investors Should Know
Procedural Law as a Strategic Instrument in Transnational Disputes
In contemporary international commercial practice, legal disputes increasingly extend beyond the boundaries of substantive law. In such cases, the precise application of procedural rules becomes a decisive factor in ensuring a fair outcome and effective protection of the parties’ interests.
Digital Compliance 2026: Conflicts Among the Digital Code, Artificial Intelligence, and Personal...
Digital Compliance 2026: Conflicts Among the Digital Code, Artificial Intelligence, and Personal Data Laws in Kazakhstan
Taxation Practice of Cloud Services
This article is dedicated to recent practice of the Kazakh tax authorities regarding the taxation of cloud services.
Review of the draft law «On amendments and additions to the Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan...
Review of the draft law «On amendments and additions to the Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan “On Customs Regulation in the Republic of Kazakhstan”». Regulation of e-commerce.
Review of judicial practice: Protection of exporters’ rights in VAT refund (excess VAT)
This overview has been prepared based on the practical experience of our team, which directly represented the taxpayer’s interests in a prolonged dispute with the territorial tax authority.
Direct Investment in Kyrgyzstan: New Rules of the Game and Hidden Barriers to Project Finance
In the race to attract large-scale capital, emerging markets are constantly seeking to strike a balance between encouraging investment and safeguarding national interests.
Evolution of the Anti-Corruption Legislation of the Kyrgyz Republic
Evolution of the Anti-Corruption Legislation of the Kyrgyz Republic: An Analysis of the Innovations and Legal Conflicts of the 2026 Law
Legal Alert: On Minerals Legal Environment Reform and Policy Framework
The Minerals law entered into force on 8 July 2006, comprising 11 chapters and 66 articles, for the purpose of regulating relations with respect to prospecting, exploration, and mining of minerals, and protection of exploration fields and mining areas in use in the territory of Mongolia.
Legal Alert: Public-Private Partnership Legal Environment Reform and Policy Framework
The Law on Public-Private Partnership (PPP Law) entered into force on 31 December 2023, comprising 9 chapters and 60 articles, for the purpose of implementing PPP projects in the field of public infrastructure and public services, supporting private sector participation and investment, ensuring...
Regulations on the Income Taxation of a Permanent Establishment of a Foreign Company
The regulation governing the taxation of the income of a Permanent Establishment (“PE”) of a foreign legal entity in Mongolia is based on the Law on Corporate Income Taxation of Mongolia (“CIT Law”) and the Double Taxation Treaties concluded between Mongolia and foreign countries.
Legal Support for Foreign Investors: Criminal, Investment, and Property Issues
With the ongoing transformation of the legal and economic environment in the Russian Federation, foreign investors and individuals are facing a range of new regulatory and law enforcement challenges.
Amendments to law No. 57-FZ on foreign investments in business entities of strategic importance
On 8 March 2026, the President of the Russian Federation signed the Federal Law No. 51-FZ (the "Law No. 51-FZ"), which amended the Federal Law No. 57-FZ "On the Procedure for Foreign Investments in Business Entities of Strategic Importance for National Defence and State Security" dated...
Federal law establishes the legal status of the Russian Red Cross
On 15 December 2025, the President of the Russian Federation signed the Federal Law No. 457-FZ "On the All-Russian Public Organization "Russian Red Cross" (the "Law"). The Law came into force on 1 February 2026.
Overview of the New Law of Uzbekistan “On Limited Liability Companies”
On April 21, 2026, the new Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan No. LRU-1137 “On Limited Liability Companies” (the “New LLC Law”) was adopted and will enter into force on July 22, 2026. As of the same date, the previous Law No. 310-II dated December 6, 2001, will cease to be effective.
Establishment of the Tashkent International Financial Center in Uzbekistan
In order to enhance the investment attractiveness of the Republic of Uzbekistan and ensure the integration into the global financial system, pursuant to the Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan “On the Establishment of the Tashkent International Financial Center” No.UP-48 dated...